The latest developments in East Timor raise questions about the ability of the country to govern itself.

Portuguese rule collapsed in the nation of 1 million in 1975. Indonesia invaded from its part of the island and ruled, harshly, until 1999. The first international peacekeeping force and United Nations oversight were introduced the same year. Independence came in 2002 after a referendum.

Much international aid was also provided the newly independent country, in recognition of the harsh experience its people had had under Portuguese colonial rule and with the occupying Indonesians. So far, so good.

Then, in 2006, order broke down and U.N. peacekeepers had to be re-introduced under Australian leadership. This week, even with 1,000 U.N. forces present, rebels attacked President Jose Ramos-Horta and Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao. Mr. Ramos-Hora, chosen this year in democratic elections, was wounded badly. Mr. Gusmao, considered the father of his country, escaped injury.

It is hard to say what the problem is. It isn't religious. The country is 90 percent Roman Catholic with only a small Muslim minority. Even though East Timor, which calls itself Timor-Leste, has known economic hard times, the world has been generous in trying to put it on a self-sustaining track. But the East Timorese can't seem to stop fighting among themselves.

There are two pieces of good news: the rebels' leader died in this week's fighting, and Australia sent troop reinforcements Tuesday to restore order.

In the end, however, primary responsibility lies with the East Timorese to take charge of the country and stop asking the world to stand between them to restore peace. Patience for that is running out rapidly.