DES MOINES, Iowa -- Fees for a new driver's license could triple. Lines at motor vehicles offices could stretch out the door. Governors warned yesterday that states and consumers would bear much of the burden for a terrorism-driven push to turn licenses into a national ID card.

"It's a huge problem," said Democratic Pennsylvania Gov. Ed Rendell. "Trying to make this work, there will be hell to pay." He said it would cost his state "$100 million-plus" to restructure motor vehicle offices to respond to a new federal law called the REAL ID Act.

The law that passed in June as part of an $82 billion military spending bill goes beyond an earlier measure that sought to standardize state driver's licenses. By 2008, states must begin to verify whether license applicants are U.S. citizens or legal residents of this country.

That deadline brought the first question in a closed-door session between governors and federal officials on homeland security yesterday at the National Governors Association meeting.

The two groups also talked about pressures on National Guard troops and steps to better integrate state and local law enforcement with federal efforts to prevent terrorist attacks, governors said as they wrapped up their summer meeting.

But the REAL ID Act prompted the strongest reaction.

"It has become a national ID card. It's a terrible idea for the states to do it," said Republican Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee, the association chairman. "They have created a national nightmare, and they'll probably be driving up the cost of the driver's licenses by three- or four-fold."

After meeting privately with governors, Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff said the new law could create opportunities to protect people against identity theft. He also offered assurances that his agency would work cooperatively with states. "What we want is to find a common plan that works for everybody, but we'll also take into account the natural differences states have," he said.

The latest law -- and an earlier version that had passed last year -- have brought complaints from civil liberties advocates that the new cards' reliance on biometric identifiers, such as fingerprints or retinal scans, would threaten privacy. They have warned that the documents can be stolen or altered, making identity theft easier, and that the cards could let government track people's travels.

But governors were more concerned about the bottom line, for their budgets and for their citizens. Huckabee's prediction: "Lines longer, price higher, frustration certainly greater."