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In sworn statement, soldier charged in Iraq abuse provides details but says no crimes were committed
England gives her side
Sunday, May 23, 2004

U.S. Army Pfc. Lynndie England, the target of international scorn for gleefully posing in photographs with sexually humiliated detainees at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, has provided military investigators with often chilling detail of several abusive incidents there.

A matter-of-fact tone permeates the sworn statement in which England contends that no crimes were committed and some of what occurred was even "funny."

In the sworn statement made May 5, which was obtained by the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, England implicates herself and five fellow members of the 372nd Military Police Company in varying degrees of abuse of Iraqi detainees at Abu Ghraib.

England and six other members of the Cresaptown, Md.-based reserve unit have been charged by the military in the prisoner abuse scandal but England said in her statement that one of them, Spc. Megan Ambuhl, wasn't involved.

Regardless of their actions, none of those charged deserve punishment because "we did what we were told," England said in her statement to Army criminal investigators who questioned her at Fort Bragg, N.C., where she is now assigned.

Moreover, England, 21, of Fort Ashby, W.Va., asserted that "everyone in the company, from the commander on down" knew what was occurring in the prison's Tier 1A, the highest security area.

"The pictures were shown to anyone who wanted to see them. [Spc. Charles A. Graner Jr.] told me he showed them to his platoon sergeant and platoon leader," said England, who has not yet had her Article 32 hearing, the military equivalent of a grand jury to determine if evidence warrants a court-martial.

England's most recent statement to investigators was the product of a question-and-answer format with Army Criminal Investigation Division Special Agent James D. Stewart conducting the questioning. In it, England conceded the MPs were never given specific orders on how to "break" the detainees for interrogation by military intelligence (MI) or other government agencies (OGA).

"But personnel from MI and OGA would tell us to keep it up, that we were doing a good job," she added.

England appears in many of the photographs that have been internationally published and broadcast worldwide.

In most of the photos, she's smiling -- sometimes clenching a cigarette in her lips, sometimes giving the thumbs-up sign -- while posing with naked prisoners. She has gained the most notoriety for a photograph in which she holds a leash attached to the neck of a naked Iraqi who is on the ground. That photo, she told investigators, was taken at the end of October or early November.

"A strap was placed around the detainee Gus's neck to be used as an intimidation technique to move him from one cell (isolation, 1A) to another," England said. "I'm pretty sure this is one of the first photographs we took of the detainees."

In her five-page statement, preceded by two pages England signed waiving her right to speak with an attorney or have one present during questioning, she discussed an incident captured in three photographs she snapped. She said the detainees were brought to 1A from the general population of the prison because they had been accused of raping a 15-year-old boy who also was incarcerated there.

"The detainees were stripped, handcuffed together [and] laid down. This was a humiliation action to get information about the rape," said England, who noted the photographs were taken after the prisoners were forced to run and crawl up and down the hallway.

"They were also subjected to various exercises to wear them down, such as holding their hands above their heads or out straight," she said. "This incident lasted for approximately four to six hours, but not continuously ... The detainees eventually confessed to raping the boy."

In addition to MPs, other personnel who were present included an interpreter and four military intelligence officers, she said.

"Was there anything done to those detainees that you felt was going too far?" Stewart asked.

"No," she answered.

England also discussed 11 pictures taken of seven naked detainees, one of which was a widely published photo of the Iraqis piled into a crude human pyramid. England said the detainees were brought to IA from Ganci 1, the general population area, after being identified as inciting a riot.

"Just prior to the detainees arriving at 1A, Staff Sgt. [Ivan] Frederick said ... he was instructed to make sure they don't riot again. They were brought into 1A, zip tied, with bags on their heads and thrown to and from several guards until they fell into a 'dog pile' on the floor. Graner got into the middle of them and posed."

England said she, Graner, Frederick and Sgt. Javal S. Davis stepped on them and that Frederick punched one of the detainees in the chest, causing the prisoner to "lose his breath."

"They were also pushed around and subjected to extensive physical exercise ...The detainee pictured with his underwear near his knees was documented as a rapist so Spc. [Sabrina] Harman pulled his underwear down and wrote 'rapist' on the detainees' thigh with a black marker."

She also said the detainees were directed by Frederick to masturbate as a humiliation tactic. One of the pictures depicts her pointing to one of the detainee's genitals.

As for the pyramid formation, England said Graner directed that pose by using hand signals.

"None of the detainees argued or were physically forced into the formation. We thought it looked funny so pictures were taken," she said.

England said she, Graner and Harman took turns snapping the pictures and posing with the pyramid.

Describing another photo in which a detainee is handcuffed to a bed with women's underwear on his head, she said she was told Graner put him in that position and photographed the scene.

"Graner said the detainee was acting up and throwing stuff ... This was not unusual, if a detainee started to act up we would strip them down and handcuff them in various positions within their cell," England said.

"This particular incident, I'm thinking the underwear is on his head as a form of humiliation tactic. In other instances, underwear wasn't used, we used maxi pads."

England said Frederick would play "mind games" with detainees by forcing them to crawl through broken chemical lights before putting them into a dark cell.

"This would freak out the detainees because they would glow," England noted.

England, who was assigned elsewhere in the prison to process detainees, said she would go to Tier 1A to visit friends and "if they needed help, I would help out."

She said Graner "would lean on [detainees], push them around, mostly he would yell at them and put them in physically controlling positions." Later in the interview, she said she and Graner had a sexual relationship and she was pregnant to him.

She said Harman took most of the pictures but she never saw her hit anyone.

She called Davis "the intimidator, very big. He would push them around or into walls. He also stepped on their toes. He would help with rowdy detainees."

As for Ambuhl, "she rarely participated. She really wasn't a part of all of this."

Ambuhl, 29, of Centreville, Va., has already had her Article 32 hearing, at which two of four charges lodged against her were dropped. Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez, commander of U.S. forces in Iraq, is expected to decide by early summer if she should face a court-martial on charges of dereliction of duty and conspiracy.

Ambuhl's attorney, Harvey J. Volzer of Washington, D.C., has said his client was only charged because she was there with the others on the night shift.

To bolster his position, he provided the Post-Gazette with the signed statements of six Abu Ghraib detainees, written in Arabic and translated and typed in English. Volzer interviewed the detainees earlier this month when he was in Baghdad for Ambuhl's Article 32 hearing.

"I never saw an inhuman behavior on her behalf ... She treated all the prisoners in the same way and most prisoners liked this American girl and respected her," said Shalan Said Alsharoni, who described Ambuhl as "polite and pleasant."

In her statement, England was asked if "any of the treatment you were involved with concerning the detainees was inappropriate."

"I thought the masturbating was, but that was what they told us to do," she responded

"Who told you to do it?" Stewart asked.

"I don't know. I was just told we were doing a good job."

One of the seven MPs who have been charged, Spc. Jeremy Sivits of Hyndman, Bedford County, pleaded guilty at a special court-martial in Iraq Wednesday to maltreatment of detainees and agreed to cooperate with prosecutors in exchange for a year in military prison, demotion to the rank of private and discharge from the Army for bad conduct.

Graner, 36, a Whitehall native now of Uniontown, Frederick, 37, of Buckingham, Va., and Davis, 26, Maryland, have all had their charges referred to as-yet unscheduled general courts-martial.

In civilian life, Graner, is a prison guard at the State Correction Institution Greene and Frederick, 37, is a prison guard in his home town. In various statements to investigators, including this most recent one by England, those two have been identified as ringleaders of the incidents in the prison.

Like England, Harman, 26, of Lorton, Va., have yet to have her Article 32 hearings.

First published on May 23, 2004 at 12:00 am
Michael A. Fuoco can be reached at mfuoco@post-gazette.com or 412-263-1968.
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